In the case of a confirmed or suspected personal
data breach (generally meaning the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration,
unauthorized disclosure of, or access to, personal data), a breach disclosure
(also known as breach communication or breach notification) is the process of
notifying the individuals whose personally identifiable information (PII) or
personal data was involved, that the breach incident has, or may have,
occurred. The individuals may include
employees, clients or customers, and possibly other third-parties such as
vendors or processors. It is a
transparency mechanism that highlights the security failure, allowing affected
parties to take additional measures to protect their PII or personal data,
mitigate damage, or take other steps to remediate injuries caused by the
breach.
Breach reporting, breach notification, or
breach disclosure is also the process of notifying regulating and other
agencies that there was a confirmed or suspected breach incident.
The data controller/owner is almost always
the required entity to notify regulators, authorities, and affected individuals
of a breach incident affecting the confidentiality and security of personal
data. If a vendor (processor,
third-party, consultant, etc.) has a breach, they must notify the data
controller/owner.
Laws, regulations, and industry standards
dictate specific requirements including time frames, mandatory information, how
the information is presented, obligations (free credit monitoring), etc. They can be based on the location of the
business and the location of the
affected individuals.
United States: Referred to as breach reporting, breach
disclosure or breach notification
European Union: Referred to as breach notification or breach
disclosure.